Egypt, the cradle of one of the world’s oldest civilizations, offers an array of breathtaking experiences that connect visitors to its ancient roots and vibrant culture. From iconic monuments to luxurious Nile cruises and historic hotels, Egypt is a dream destination for adventurers and history lovers alike.
Whether you’re marveling at architectural wonders or relaxing in opulent surroundings, there’s something for everyone. Here’s our list of the 21 essential things to do in Egypt from Cairo to Aswan.
These are listed geographically beginning with Cairo and heading all the way down to Abu Simbel, not in order of preference!! These are just skimming the surface of all Egypt has and I can’t wait to explore the rest!
Visit the Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx
No trip to Egypt is complete without marveling at the Pyramids of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. These towering monuments showcase the architectural genius of the Old Kingdom and remain an enduring symbol of ancient Egypt. Nearby, the enigmatic Sphinx adds an air of mystery, with its lion’s body and human face carved from a single block of limestone. Explore the interiors of the pyramids or take a camel ride around the plateau for stunning views. Be sure to stay for the evening sound and light show, which brings the history of Giza to life.
Discover the Saqqara Necropolis
Home to the Step Pyramid of Djoser, the Sakkara Necropolis is a fascinating site that predates the Great Pyramids. Designed by the legendary architect Imhotep, this pyramid marks a significant evolution in ancient Egyptian construction. Wander through the expansive burial ground to uncover richly decorated tombs and smaller pyramids. The site’s serene atmosphere offers a stark contrast to the bustling Giza Plateau. A visit here provides insight into the early innovations that laid the groundwork for Egypt’s iconic architecture.
Explore the Grand Egyptian Museum
Set to be the largest archaeological museum in the world, the Grand Egyptian Museum is a must-visit for history enthusiasts. Located near the Giza Plateau, this state-of-the-art facility houses an extensive collection of Egypt’s treasures, including the complete tomb collection of King Tutankhamun. The museum’s design seamlessly blends modern architecture with the grandeur of ancient Egypt. Highlights include colossal statues of pharaohs, intricately detailed artifacts, and interactive exhibits. It’s the perfect place to deepen your understanding of Egypt’s remarkable history.
Admire the Alabaster Mosque in Cairo
The Mosque of Muhammad Ali, also known as the Alabaster Mosque, is a striking example of Ottoman architecture in Cairo. Located within the Citadel of Salah al-Din, its domes and minarets dominate the city skyline. Inside, the mosque’s intricate details, including alabaster walls and ornate chandeliers, create a sense of grandeur. Step outside to enjoy panoramic views of Cairo from the Citadel. The mosque is not just a place of worship but also a cultural and architectural treasure.
Visit the Abu Serga Church
Situated in Old Cairo, Abu Serga Church is one of Egypt’s oldest Christian landmarks, dating back to the 4th century. According to tradition, this church was built over the site where the Holy Family rested during their flight to Egypt. Its simple yet elegant architecture reflects early Coptic style, with wooden ceilings and intricate iconography. The crypt is a highlight, offering a deeply spiritual atmosphere. Visiting Abu Serga provides a glimpse into Egypt’s rich Christian heritage.
Explore the Museum of Egyptian Civilization
This museum in Cairo showcases the cultural evolution of Egypt through its history, from prehistoric times to the modern era. Its crown jewel is the Royal Mummies Hall, where visitors can view the preserved remains of famous pharaohs like Ramses II and Hatshepsut. Interactive exhibits and multimedia displays make the history come alive for visitors of all ages. The museum’s modern design and well-curated collection offer a fresh perspective on Egypt’s vast heritage.
Stay at the Sofitel Winter Palace Luxor
Located on the east bank of the Nile, this historic hotel has hosted royalty and luminaries since 1886. The Sofitel Winter Palace offers opulent rooms, lush gardens, and an unbeatable view of the river. Its rich history and colonial architecture transport you to a bygone era while enjoying modern luxury. Don’t miss the exquisite dining options, including French-inspired and Egyptian cuisine. Staying here places you at the doorstep of Luxor’s ancient wonders, including the temples of Karnak and Luxor.
Find out more about the hotel here
Walk Through the Valley of the Kings
Located on Luxor’s west bank, the Valley of the Kings is an archaeological wonder housing the tombs of ancient pharaohs. With over 60 tombs, including the famous burial site of King Tutankhamun, this area is a treasure trove of ancient art and hieroglyphics. Each tomb tells a unique story, adorned with vibrant wall paintings that depict scenes from the afterlife. Guided tours provide deeper insight into the pharaohs’ beliefs and burial rituals. The Valley’s dramatic desert landscape adds to its mystique.
Discover the Valley of the Queens
Adjacent to the Valley of the Kings, the Valley of the Queens served as the final resting place for royal women and princes of ancient Egypt. The tombs here are adorned with stunning murals depicting scenes from the Book of the Dead and other sacred texts. The most famous tomb is that of Queen Nefertari, often called the Sistine Chapel of ancient Egypt due to its vibrant and intricate wall paintings. Exploring these burial sites provides a deeper understanding of the reverence for royalty in Egyptian culture. The valley is a serene and captivating counterpart to its more famous neighbor.
Marvel at the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut
This magnificent mortuary temple is a testament to the reign of Queen Hatshepsut, one of Egypt’s few female pharaohs. Nestled against the cliffs of Deir el-Bahari, its three-tiered structure blends harmoniously with the surrounding desert landscape. The temple is adorned with stunning reliefs depicting Hatshepsut’s divine birth and trade expeditions to Punt. Visitors can admire the grandeur of the temple’s colonnades and statues while learning about the queen’s extraordinary legacy. It’s an architectural masterpiece that offers a glimpse into ancient Egypt’s splendor.
Behold the Colossi of Memnon
Standing as silent sentinels near Luxor, the Colossi of Memnon are two massive statues of Pharaoh Amenhotep III. These towering figures, each over 18 meters tall, once guarded the entrance to a now-vanished mortuary temple. Despite centuries of weathering, they remain awe-inspiring in their scale and craftsmanship. Legend has it that one of the statues “sang” at dawn, likely due to a phenomenon caused by temperature changes and cracks in the stone. Visiting these statues offers a glimpse into the grandeur of Amenhotep III’s reign and provides a perfect photo opportunity.
Visit the Temples of Karnak and Luxor
Located in Luxor, these two temples stand as some of the most awe-inspiring remnants of ancient Egypt. The Karnak Temple Complex is a vast open-air museum featuring towering columns, colossal statues, and the Sacred Lake. The Luxor Temple, connected to Karnak by the Avenue of Sphinxes, is equally enchanting, especially when illuminated at night. Together, these sites tell a story of divine worship and royal power across centuries. Don’t miss the nightly sound and light show at Karnak for an unforgettable experience.
Explore the Temple of Dendera
One of the best-preserved temples in Egypt, the Temple of Dendera is dedicated to Hathor, the goddess of love and joy. Its intricate carvings, including the famous zodiac ceiling, are a testament to the artistic achievements of ancient Egypt. The temple also houses crypts and a rooftop offering breathtaking views of the Nile Valley. Dendera is a hidden gem that provides a quieter, more intimate exploration of Egypt’s history. Its unique blend of artistic detail and architectural design makes it a must-visit site.
Sail the Nile on the Nour El Nil
The Nour El Nil offers an unparalleled way to experience the Nile River, sailing between Luxor and Aswan on a traditional dahabiya. This luxurious boat combines modern comfort with historic charm, featuring tastefully decorated cabins and a sun deck for uninterrupted views of the Nile’s tranquil waters. Along the way, you’ll stop at lesser-visited sites like El Kab and Esna, immersing yourself in the untouched beauty of rural Egypt. Each day brings opportunities for cultural exploration, from ancient temples to vibrant villages. With gourmet meals served onboard, this is Nile cruising at its finest.
Explore the Temple of Khnum in Esna and Edfu
The Temple of Esna, dedicated to the ram-headed god Khnum, features a beautifully decorated hypostyle hall with detailed reliefs. In Edfu, the Temple of Horus stands as one of the best-preserved temples in Egypt, showcasing magnificent carvings and towering walls. Both temples offer a fascinating look at religious practices during the Ptolemaic period. Guided tours often include stories of the deities worshiped here, adding depth to the visit. These temples are essential stops on any Nile cruise itinerary.
Visit the Temple of Kom Ombo
Perched on a bend of the Nile, the Temple of Kom Ombo is unique in its dual dedication to two gods—Sobek, the crocodile god, and Horus, the falcon god. Its symmetrical design reflects this duality, with two sets of sanctuaries, courts, and halls. Visitors can explore fascinating carvings depicting surgical instruments and medical procedures, hinting at ancient Egyptian advancements in medicine. Nearby, the Crocodile Museum displays mummified crocodiles and artifacts. The temple’s riverside location provides stunning sunset views.
Discover the Temple of Horemheb in El Kab
Hidden in the sands of El Kab, the Temple of Horemheb is a small yet fascinating site dedicated to Amun. Its reliefs depict Horemheb’s devotion to the gods, offering a glimpse into the reign of this influential pharaoh. The nearby ancient city of Nekhen adds another layer of historical intrigue, as it was one of Egypt’s earliest capitals. The temple’s remote location ensures a quiet and contemplative experience. This hidden gem is perfect for history enthusiasts looking to explore off-the-beaten-path sites.
Luxuriate at the Sofitel Legend Old Cataract Hotel
Overlooking the Nile in Aswan, this historic hotel is a luxurious retreat that has hosted the likes of Agatha Christie and Winston Churchill. Its elegant interiors blend Victorian and Arabian styles, creating a timeless atmosphere. The hotel’s infinity pool and terraces offer stunning views of the Nile and Elephantine Island. Guests can indulge in fine dining and rejuvenating spa treatments, making it the perfect place to unwind after exploring Egypt’s wonders. A stay here is the epitome of Nile-side luxury.
Find out more about the hotel here
Tour the Temple of Philae
Located on Agilkia Island near Aswan, the Temple of Philae is a stunning tribute to the goddess Isis. Its serene setting, surrounded by water, adds to its mystical allure. The temple’s intricate carvings and detailed hieroglyphics offer insights into the Ptolemaic era of Egyptian history. Visitors can take a short boat ride to reach the temple, adding a sense of adventure to the experience. Philae also hosts a captivating sound and light show that brings its history to life.
Shop For all Your Egyptian Cotton at Bayomi Cotton
Egyptian cotton is renowned for its exceptional quality, and a visit to a Bayomi cotton shop is a must for anyone seeking luxury textiles. These shops offer everything from high-thread-count sheets to stylish garments, all made from locally sourced cotton. The craftsmanship and durability of Egyptian cotton make it a prized souvenir. Visitors can also learn about the cotton production process, which has been a cornerstone of Egypt’s economy for centuries. It’s the perfect blend of shopping and cultural immersion.
Sail a Felucca Around Elephantine Island at Sunset
A traditional felucca ride around Elephantine Island in Aswan is a tranquil way to experience the beauty of the Nile. As the sun sets, the sky transforms into a breathtaking palette of oranges and purples, casting a magical glow over the river. The gentle sound of the water and the sight of palm trees and ancient ruins along the shores add to the serenity of the journey. Elephantine Island itself is steeped in history, home to ancient temples, Nilometers, and a Nubian village. This peaceful excursion offers a perfect blend of relaxation and cultural immersion, creating memories that will last a lifetime.
Marvel at the Abu Simbel Temples
Located near the Sudanese border, the twin temples of Abu Simbel are monumental masterpieces carved into rock by Pharaoh Ramses II. The larger temple is dedicated to the pharaoh himself and the gods Ra-Horakhty, Ptah, and Amun, while the smaller temple honors Queen Nefertari and the goddess Hathor.
Known for the colossal statues of Ramses II that guard its entrance, the site is equally famous for its impressive relocation during the construction of the Aswan High Dam. The interiors feature stunning reliefs depicting Ramses II’s military victories and divine connections. A visit to Abu Simbel is an unforgettable experience, especially during the biannual sun festival when the inner sanctum is illuminated by the rising sun.
With the addition of Abu Simbel, Egypt’s treasures truly span an incredible array of history, architecture, and cultural significance. Whether it’s the grandeur of Abu Simbel, the serenity of a Nile cruise, or the luxury of Egypt’s finest hotels, this ancient land offers countless reasons to visit.
Now Discover the Other Ultra-Luxe Nile Cruises Fit for a Pharoah
Nothing can beat a Nile River cruise – floating along the world’s longest river that spans 11 African countries before flowing into the Mediterranean Sea and seeing desert tombs, Pyramids, and secrets spanning millennia of history and civilizations. Take your pick from some of the best luxury Nile cruises that can last from three to eight days and makes for a memorable experience and gorgeous photography.